Effect of the tide on flood modeling and mapping in Kota Tinggi, Johor, Malaysia

This study aimed at mapping the Kota Tinggi flood event in 2006/2007 that had caused massive damages to properties and environment. The was associated with unusually high intensity continuous rainfall, tide. Therefore, a reliable technique of floodplain is crucial for improvement control strategies preparing an evacuation plan. main objective this incorporate effect tide on modeling analysis. inundated areas were mapped various annual recurrent intervals (ARI) using peak flow data from 1965 2010. used Light Detection Ranging HEC-HMS, HEC-RAS, HEC-GeoRAS. Generalized Extreme Value model found be best fit simulation. HEC-HMS hydrologic calibrated validated observed hydrographs September 2002 January 2003, respectively. Due riverbank overflow, level-discharge rating curve during events not valid which causes underestimation flow. simulated actual provide more reasonable results 625.3 m3/s December 2006 743.9 2007 flood. took into account tidal effect. When considered, depth 43% lower than However, inclusion has reduced simulation error average similarity 91.4% based site verification. show river starts over bank ARIs exceeding 25 years.